Hair and Skin Care During Pregnancy

Further Reading: Hair

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Human Genetics ... Genetic differences and inheritance patterns Inheritance of traits for humans are based upon Gregor Mendel's model of inheritance. Mendel deduced that inheritance depends upon discrete units of inheritance, called factors or genes...

Human Hair Color ... The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and Karl Saller, is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color... Genetics and biochemistry of hair color See also: Human genetic variation, Race and genetics, and Human genetic clustering Two types of pigment give hair its color: eumelanin and pheomelanin... A low concentration of brown eumelanin results in blond hair, whereas a higher concentration of brown eumelanin will color the hair brown...

Human Hair Growth ... Hair follows a specific growth cycle with three distinct and concurrent phases: anagen, catagen, and telogen phases... All three phases occur simultaneously; one strand of hair may be in the anagen phase, while another is in the telogen phase... The body has different types of hair, including vellus hair and androgenic hair, each with its own type of cellular construction...

Melanin ... The increased production of melanin in human skin is called melanogenesis. Production of melanin is stimulated by DNA damage induced by UVB-radiation, and it leads to a delayed development of a tan...

Cosmetics ... The manufacture of cosmetics is currently dominated by a small number of multinational corporations that originated in the early 20th century, but the distribution and sale of cosmetics is spread among a wide range of different businesses. The U. S...

History Of Cosmetics ... Japan In Japan, geisha wore lipstick made of crushed safflower petals to paint the eyebrows and edges of the eyes as well as the lips, and sticks of bintsuke wax, a softer version of the sumo wrestlers' hair wax, were used by geisha as a makeup base...

Dermis ... It also contains Mechanoreceptors that provide the sense of touch and heat, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels...

Hair ... The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair... Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably keratin... The word "hair" often refers to two distinct structures: the part beneath the skin, called the hair follicle or when pulled from the skin, called the bulb...

Human Skin Color ... Melanin is triggered by an enzyme called tyrosinase, which creates the color of skin, eyes, and hair shades...

Skin ... Fur is dense hair. Primarily, fur augments the insulation the skin provides but can also serve as a secondary sexual characteristic or as camouflage...

Physical Attractiveness ... Other important factors include youthfulness, skin clarity and smoothness of skin; and "vivid color" in the eyes and hair...

Body Odor ... Joseph Jordania explained the presence of patches of hair in human armpits and genitals by the evolutionary need to produce stronger body odor...

Further Reading: Skin

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Clothing ... Physically, clothing serves many purposes; it can serve as protection from the elements, it can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking. It protects humans from rough surfaces by providing a barrier between the skin and the environment...

Perfume ... Perfumes have been known to exist in some of the earliest human civilizations, either through ancient texts or from archaeological digs. Modern perfumery began in the late 19th century with the commercial synthesis of aroma compounds such as vanillin or coumarin, which allowed for the composition of perfumes with smells previously unattainable solely from natural aromatics alone...

Epidermis (skin) ... The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium, composed of proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes which acts as the body's major barrier against an inhospitable environment, by preventing pathogens from entering, making the skin a natural barrier to infection... Layers The epidermis is composed of 4 or 5 layers depending on the region of skin being considered...

History Of Perfume ... As traders, Islamic cultures such as the Arabs and Persians had wider access to different spices, herbals, and other fragrance material. In addition to trading them, many of these exotic materials were cultivated by the Muslims such that they can be successfully grown outside of their native climates...

Reptile Scale ... Moulting serves a number of functions - first, the old and worn skin is replaced; second, it helps get rid of parasites such as mites and ticks... Renewal of the skin by moulting is supposed to allow growth in some animals such as insects, however this view has been disputed in the case of snakes...

Subcutaneous Tissue ... Growth of the limbs and other parts normally covered by hard exoskeleton is achieved by transfer of body fluids from soft parts before the new skin hardens...

Ecdysis ... Unlike the scales of fish and snakes, which are formed from the epidermis, scutes are formed in the lower vascular layer of the skin and the epidermal element is only the top surface... The outer keratin layer is shed piecemeal, and not in one continuous layer of skin as seen in snakes or lizards...

Scute ... Scales have been modified over time to serve other functions such as 'eyelash' fringes, and protective covers for the eyes with the most distinctive modification being the rattle of the North American rattlesnakes. Snakes periodically moult their scaly skins and acquire new ones...

Snake Scales ... It can be used both for local effect as in allergy testing and typical local anesthesia, as well as systemic effects when the active substance diffuses through skin in a transdermal route... intradermal, (into the skin itself) is used for skin testing some allergens, and also for mantoux test for Tuberculosis subcutaneous (under the skin), e.g... Skin popping is a slang term that includes this method of administration, and is usually used in association with recreational drugs...

Beauty ... The experience of "beauty" often involves the interpretation of some entity as being in balance and harmony with nature, which may lead to feelings of attraction and emotional well-being. Because this is a subjective experience, it is often said that "beauty is in the eye of the beholder." There is evidence that perceptions of beauty are evolutionarily determined, that things, aspects of people and landscapes considered beautiful are typically found in situations likely to give enhanced survival of the perceiving human's genes...

Ingredients Of Cosmetics ... Cosmetics in a variety of forms date back to early civilizations, with the need to improve ones personal appearance being an important factor in attracting a mate. Over the years the ingredients have changed dramatically as we discovered how to manufacture our own scents and cosmetic formulas...